Consolidate PostgresUserRepository and PostgresProductRepository to use a common struct
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174
backend/crates/postgres/REFACTORING_SUMMARY.md
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174
backend/crates/postgres/REFACTORING_SUMMARY.md
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@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
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# PostgreSQL Repository Refactoring Summary
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## Overview
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The PostgreSQL repository implementation has been refactored to use generics and traits for commonality, similar to the approach used in the memory crate. This eliminates code duplication while maintaining static dispatch and type safety.
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## What Changed
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### Before: Duplicated Repository Implementations
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Previously, there were two separate repository structs:
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- `PostgresUserRepository` - ~150 lines of code
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- `PostgresProductRepository` - ~150 lines of code
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Both implemented the same CRUD operations with nearly identical patterns, differing only in:
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- Table names (`users` vs `products`)
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- Column names (`username, email` vs `name, description`)
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- SQL queries
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- Entity construction
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### After: Generic Repository with Traits
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Now there's a single generic repository:
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- `PostgresRepository<T>` - Generic implementation
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- `PostgresEntity` trait - Abstracts entity-specific behavior
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- Type aliases for backward compatibility
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## Key Components
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### 1. PostgresEntity Trait
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```rust
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pub trait PostgresEntity: Entity + Send + Sync {
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fn id(&self) -> Uuid;
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fn table_name() -> &'static str;
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fn entity_name() -> &'static str;
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fn from_db_record(record: Self::DbRecord) -> Self;
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fn select_columns() -> &'static str;
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fn insert_columns() -> &'static str;
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fn insert_placeholders() -> &'static str;
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fn update_set_clause() -> &'static str;
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fn extract_create_values(data: &Self::Create) -> Vec<String>;
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fn extract_update_values(data: &Self::Update) -> Vec<Option<String>>;
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type DbRecord: Send + Sync + Unpin + for<'r> sqlx::FromRow<'r, sqlx::postgres::PgRow>;
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}
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```
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### 2. Generic PostgresRepository
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```rust
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pub struct PostgresRepository<T> {
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pool: PgPool,
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_phantom: std::marker::PhantomData<T>,
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}
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impl<T: PostgresEntity> Repository<T> for PostgresRepository<T> {
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// Generic CRUD implementations
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}
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```
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### 3. Database Record Types
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```rust
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#[derive(sqlx::FromRow)]
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pub struct UserRecord {
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pub id: Uuid,
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pub username: String,
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pub email: String,
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pub created_at: chrono::DateTime<chrono::Utc>,
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pub updated_at: chrono::DateTime<chrono::Utc>,
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}
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#[derive(sqlx::FromRow)]
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pub struct ProductRecord {
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pub id: Uuid,
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pub name: String,
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pub description: String,
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pub created_at: chrono::DateTime<chrono::Utc>,
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pub updated_at: chrono::DateTime<chrono::Utc>,
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}
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```
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## Benefits
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### 1. Code Reuse
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- Eliminated ~150 lines of duplicated code
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- Single implementation handles all entity types
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- Consistent behavior across all entities
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### 2. Maintainability
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- Bug fixes and improvements apply to all entities
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- Single place to update SQL patterns
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- Consistent error handling
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### 3. Extensibility
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- Adding new entities requires minimal code
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- Just implement `PostgresEntity` trait and define record type
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- No need to duplicate CRUD logic
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### 4. Type Safety
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- Maintains static dispatch
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- Compile-time guarantees
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- No runtime overhead
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### 5. Backward Compatibility
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- Type aliases preserve existing API
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- No breaking changes to consumers
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- Gradual migration possible
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## Adding New Entities
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To add a new entity (e.g., `Order`):
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1. **Define the database record type:**
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```rust
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#[derive(sqlx::FromRow)]
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pub struct OrderRecord {
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pub id: Uuid,
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pub customer_id: Uuid,
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pub total_amount: Decimal,
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pub status: String,
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pub created_at: chrono::DateTime<chrono::Utc>,
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pub updated_at: chrono::DateTime<chrono::Utc>,
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}
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```
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2. **Implement PostgresEntity:**
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```rust
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impl PostgresEntity for Order {
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fn table_name() -> &'static str { "orders" }
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fn select_columns() -> &'static str { "customer_id, total_amount, status, created_at, updated_at" }
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// ... other required methods
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type DbRecord = OrderRecord;
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}
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```
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3. **Create type aliases:**
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```rust
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pub type PostgresOrderRepository = PostgresRepository<Order>;
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pub type PostgresOrderService = Service<Order, PostgresOrderRepository>;
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```
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That's it! The generic repository handles all CRUD operations automatically.
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## Performance Impact
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- **Zero runtime overhead** - All generics are resolved at compile time
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- **Static dispatch** - No virtual function calls
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- **Same SQL performance** - Queries are identical to before
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- **Connection pooling** - Unchanged
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## Testing
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All existing tests continue to pass:
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- 27 PostgreSQL repository tests
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- 64 integration tests
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- Full workspace compilation
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## Migration Path
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The refactoring is fully backward compatible:
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- Existing code continues to work unchanged
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- Type aliases preserve the old names
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- No migration required for consumers
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## Future Considerations
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This pattern can be extended to support:
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- More complex SQL operations (joins, aggregations)
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- Different database backends (MySQL, SQLite)
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- Custom query builders
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- Advanced filtering and pagination
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The generic approach provides a solid foundation for future enhancements while maintaining simplicity and type safety.
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@ -13,261 +13,386 @@ use sqlx::PgPool;
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use uuid::Uuid;
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use domain::{
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CreateProduct, CreateUser, Product, Result, UpdateProduct, UpdateUser, User,
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CreateProduct, CreateUser, Product, Result, UpdateProduct, UpdateUser, User, Entity,
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};
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use application::{Repository, Service};
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/// Generic trait for entities that can be stored in PostgreSQL
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pub trait PostgresEntity: Entity + Send + Sync {
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/// Get the entity's ID
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fn id(&self) -> Uuid;
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/// Get the table name for SQL queries
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fn table_name() -> &'static str;
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/// Get the entity name for error messages
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fn entity_name() -> &'static str;
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/// Create a new entity from database record
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fn from_db_record(record: Self::DbRecord) -> Self;
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/// Get the column names for SELECT queries (excluding id)
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fn select_columns() -> &'static str;
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/// Get the column names for INSERT queries (excluding id, created_at, updated_at)
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fn insert_columns() -> &'static str;
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/// Get the placeholder values for INSERT queries
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fn insert_placeholders() -> &'static str;
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/// Get the SET clause for UPDATE queries
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fn update_set_clause() -> &'static str;
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/// Extract values from create data for INSERT
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fn extract_create_values(data: &Self::Create) -> Vec<String>;
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/// Extract values from update data for UPDATE
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fn extract_update_values(data: &Self::Update) -> Vec<Option<String>>;
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/// The database record type returned by SQLx queries
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type DbRecord: Send + Sync + Unpin + for<'r> sqlx::FromRow<'r, sqlx::postgres::PgRow>;
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}
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/// Generic, thread-safe, async PostgreSQL repository for any entity type.
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///
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/// Implements all CRUD operations using SQLx. Intended for production use with PostgreSQL.
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#[derive(Clone)]
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pub struct PostgresUserRepository {
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pub struct PostgresRepository<T> {
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pool: PgPool,
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_phantom: std::marker::PhantomData<T>,
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}
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impl PostgresUserRepository {
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impl<T: PostgresEntity> PostgresRepository<T> {
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pub fn new(pool: PgPool) -> Self {
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Self { pool }
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Self {
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pool,
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_phantom: std::marker::PhantomData,
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}
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}
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}
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impl Repository<User> for PostgresUserRepository {
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async fn create(&self, data: CreateUser) -> Result<User> {
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let rec = sqlx::query!(
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impl<T: PostgresEntity> Repository<T> for PostgresRepository<T> {
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async fn create(&self, data: T::Create) -> Result<T> {
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let columns = T::insert_columns();
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let placeholders = T::insert_placeholders();
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let values = T::extract_create_values(&data);
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let query = format!(
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r#"
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INSERT INTO users (username, email)
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VALUES ($1, $2)
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RETURNING id, username, email, created_at, updated_at
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INSERT INTO {} ({})
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VALUES ({})
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RETURNING id, {}
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"#,
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data.username(),
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data.email()
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)
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T::table_name(),
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columns,
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placeholders,
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T::select_columns()
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);
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// Build the query dynamically
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let mut query_builder = sqlx::query_as::<_, T::DbRecord>(&query);
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// Add the values as parameters
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for value in values {
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query_builder = query_builder.bind(value);
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}
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let rec = query_builder
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.fetch_one(&self.pool)
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.await
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.map_err(|e| domain::DomainError::Internal(e.to_string()))?;
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Ok(User::from_db(
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rec.id,
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rec.username,
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rec.email,
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rec.created_at,
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rec.updated_at,
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))
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Ok(T::from_db_record(rec))
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}
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async fn find_by_id(&self, id: Uuid) -> Result<User> {
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let rec = sqlx::query!(
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async fn find_by_id(&self, id: Uuid) -> Result<T> {
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let query = format!(
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r#"
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SELECT id, username, email, created_at, updated_at
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FROM users
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SELECT id, {}
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FROM {}
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WHERE id = $1
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"#,
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id
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)
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T::select_columns(),
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T::table_name()
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);
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let rec = sqlx::query_as::<_, T::DbRecord>(&query)
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.bind(id)
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.fetch_optional(&self.pool)
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.await
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.map_err(|e| domain::DomainError::Internal(e.to_string()))?
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.ok_or_else(|| domain::DomainError::NotFound(format!("User not found: {}", id)))?;
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.ok_or_else(|| domain::DomainError::NotFound(format!("{} not found: {}", T::entity_name(), id)))?;
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Ok(User::from_db(
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rec.id,
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rec.username,
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rec.email,
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rec.created_at,
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rec.updated_at,
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))
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Ok(T::from_db_record(rec))
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}
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async fn find_all(&self) -> Result<Vec<User>> {
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let recs = sqlx::query!(
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async fn find_all(&self) -> Result<Vec<T>> {
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let query = format!(
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r#"
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SELECT id, username, email, created_at, updated_at
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FROM users
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"#
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)
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SELECT id, {}
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FROM {}
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"#,
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T::select_columns(),
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T::table_name()
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);
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let recs = sqlx::query_as::<_, T::DbRecord>(&query)
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.fetch_all(&self.pool)
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.await
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.map_err(|e| domain::DomainError::Internal(e.to_string()))?;
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Ok(recs
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.into_iter()
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.map(|rec| User::from_db(rec.id, rec.username, rec.email, rec.created_at, rec.updated_at))
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.collect())
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Ok(recs.into_iter().map(T::from_db_record).collect())
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}
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async fn update(&self, id: Uuid, data: UpdateUser) -> Result<User> {
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let rec = sqlx::query!(
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async fn update(&self, id: Uuid, data: T::Update) -> Result<T> {
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let set_clause = T::update_set_clause();
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let values = T::extract_update_values(&data);
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let query = format!(
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r#"
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UPDATE users
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SET
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username = COALESCE($1, username),
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email = COALESCE($2, email),
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updated_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
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WHERE id = $3
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RETURNING id, username, email, created_at, updated_at
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UPDATE {}
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SET {}, updated_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
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WHERE id = ${}
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RETURNING id, {}
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"#,
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data.username(),
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data.email(),
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id
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)
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T::table_name(),
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set_clause,
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values.len() + 1, // +1 for the id parameter
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T::select_columns()
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);
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// Build the query dynamically
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let mut query_builder = sqlx::query_as::<_, T::DbRecord>(&query);
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// Add the update values as parameters
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for value in values {
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query_builder = query_builder.bind(value);
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}
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// Add the id parameter
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query_builder = query_builder.bind(id);
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let rec = query_builder
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.fetch_optional(&self.pool)
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.await
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.map_err(|e| domain::DomainError::Internal(e.to_string()))?
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.ok_or_else(|| domain::DomainError::NotFound(format!("User not found: {}", id)))?;
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.ok_or_else(|| domain::DomainError::NotFound(format!("{} not found: {}", T::entity_name(), id)))?;
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Ok(User::from_db(
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rec.id,
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rec.username,
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rec.email,
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rec.created_at,
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rec.updated_at,
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))
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Ok(T::from_db_record(rec))
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}
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async fn delete(&self, id: Uuid) -> Result<()> {
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let result = sqlx::query!(
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let query = format!(
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r#"
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DELETE FROM users
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DELETE FROM {}
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WHERE id = $1
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"#,
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id
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)
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T::table_name()
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);
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let result = sqlx::query(&query)
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.bind(id)
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.execute(&self.pool)
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.await
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.map_err(|e| domain::DomainError::Internal(e.to_string()))?;
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if result.rows_affected() == 0 {
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return Err(domain::DomainError::NotFound(format!("User not found: {}", id)));
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return Err(domain::DomainError::NotFound(format!("{} not found: {}", T::entity_name(), id)));
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}
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Ok(())
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}
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}
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#[derive(Clone)]
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pub struct PostgresProductRepository {
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pool: PgPool,
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// Database record types for SQLx
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#[derive(sqlx::FromRow)]
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pub struct UserRecord {
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pub id: Uuid,
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pub username: String,
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pub email: String,
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pub created_at: chrono::DateTime<chrono::Utc>,
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pub updated_at: chrono::DateTime<chrono::Utc>,
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}
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impl PostgresProductRepository {
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pub fn new(pool: PgPool) -> Self {
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Self { pool }
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}
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#[derive(sqlx::FromRow)]
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pub struct ProductRecord {
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pub id: Uuid,
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pub name: String,
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pub description: String,
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pub created_at: chrono::DateTime<chrono::Utc>,
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pub updated_at: chrono::DateTime<chrono::Utc>,
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}
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impl Repository<Product> for PostgresProductRepository {
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async fn create(&self, data: CreateProduct) -> Result<Product> {
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let rec = sqlx::query!(
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r#"
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INSERT INTO products (name, description)
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VALUES ($1, $2)
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RETURNING id, name, description, created_at, updated_at
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"#,
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data.name(),
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data.description()
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// Implement PostgresEntity for User
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impl PostgresEntity for User {
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fn id(&self) -> Uuid {
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self.id()
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}
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|
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fn table_name() -> &'static str {
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"users"
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}
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|
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fn entity_name() -> &'static str {
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"User"
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}
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fn from_db_record(record: UserRecord) -> Self {
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User::from_db(
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record.id,
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record.username,
|
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record.email,
|
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record.created_at,
|
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record.updated_at,
|
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)
|
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.fetch_one(&self.pool)
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.await
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.map_err(|e| domain::DomainError::Internal(e.to_string()))?;
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|
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Ok(Product::from_db(
|
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rec.id,
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rec.name,
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rec.description,
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rec.created_at,
|
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rec.updated_at,
|
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))
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}
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async fn find_by_id(&self, id: Uuid) -> Result<Product> {
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let rec = sqlx::query!(
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r#"
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SELECT id, name, description, created_at, updated_at
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FROM products
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WHERE id = $1
|
||||
"#,
|
||||
id
|
||||
fn select_columns() -> &'static str {
|
||||
"username, email, created_at, updated_at"
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn insert_columns() -> &'static str {
|
||||
"username, email"
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn insert_placeholders() -> &'static str {
|
||||
"$1, $2"
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn update_set_clause() -> &'static str {
|
||||
"username = COALESCE($1, username), email = COALESCE($2, email)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn extract_create_values(data: &CreateUser) -> Vec<String> {
|
||||
vec![
|
||||
data.username().to_string(),
|
||||
data.email().to_string(),
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn extract_update_values(data: &UpdateUser) -> Vec<Option<String>> {
|
||||
vec![
|
||||
data.username().map(|s| s.to_string()),
|
||||
data.email().map(|s| s.to_string()),
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
type DbRecord = UserRecord;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Implement PostgresEntity for Product
|
||||
impl PostgresEntity for Product {
|
||||
fn id(&self) -> Uuid {
|
||||
self.id()
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn table_name() -> &'static str {
|
||||
"products"
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn entity_name() -> &'static str {
|
||||
"Product"
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn from_db_record(record: ProductRecord) -> Self {
|
||||
Product::from_db(
|
||||
record.id,
|
||||
record.name,
|
||||
record.description,
|
||||
record.created_at,
|
||||
record.updated_at,
|
||||
)
|
||||
.fetch_optional(&self.pool)
|
||||
.await
|
||||
.map_err(|e| domain::DomainError::Internal(e.to_string()))?
|
||||
.ok_or_else(|| domain::DomainError::NotFound(format!("Product not found: {}", id)))?;
|
||||
|
||||
Ok(Product::from_db(
|
||||
rec.id,
|
||||
rec.name,
|
||||
rec.description,
|
||||
rec.created_at,
|
||||
rec.updated_at,
|
||||
))
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
async fn find_all(&self) -> Result<Vec<Product>> {
|
||||
let recs = sqlx::query!(
|
||||
r#"
|
||||
SELECT id, name, description, created_at, updated_at
|
||||
FROM products
|
||||
"#
|
||||
)
|
||||
.fetch_all(&self.pool)
|
||||
.await
|
||||
.map_err(|e| domain::DomainError::Internal(e.to_string()))?;
|
||||
|
||||
Ok(recs
|
||||
.into_iter()
|
||||
.map(|rec| Product::from_db(rec.id, rec.name, rec.description, rec.created_at, rec.updated_at))
|
||||
.collect())
|
||||
fn select_columns() -> &'static str {
|
||||
"name, description, created_at, updated_at"
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
async fn update(&self, id: Uuid, data: UpdateProduct) -> Result<Product> {
|
||||
let rec = sqlx::query!(
|
||||
r#"
|
||||
UPDATE products
|
||||
SET
|
||||
name = COALESCE($1, name),
|
||||
description = COALESCE($2, description),
|
||||
updated_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
|
||||
WHERE id = $3
|
||||
RETURNING id, name, description, created_at, updated_at
|
||||
"#,
|
||||
data.name(),
|
||||
data.description(),
|
||||
id
|
||||
)
|
||||
.fetch_optional(&self.pool)
|
||||
.await
|
||||
.map_err(|e| domain::DomainError::Internal(e.to_string()))?
|
||||
.ok_or_else(|| domain::DomainError::NotFound(format!("Product not found: {}", id)))?;
|
||||
|
||||
Ok(Product::from_db(
|
||||
rec.id,
|
||||
rec.name,
|
||||
rec.description,
|
||||
rec.created_at,
|
||||
rec.updated_at,
|
||||
))
|
||||
fn insert_columns() -> &'static str {
|
||||
"name, description"
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
async fn delete(&self, id: Uuid) -> Result<()> {
|
||||
let result = sqlx::query!(
|
||||
r#"
|
||||
DELETE FROM products
|
||||
WHERE id = $1
|
||||
"#,
|
||||
id
|
||||
)
|
||||
.execute(&self.pool)
|
||||
.await
|
||||
.map_err(|e| domain::DomainError::Internal(e.to_string()))?;
|
||||
|
||||
if result.rows_affected() == 0 {
|
||||
return Err(domain::DomainError::NotFound(format!("Product not found: {}", id)));
|
||||
fn insert_placeholders() -> &'static str {
|
||||
"$1, $2"
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
Ok(())
|
||||
}
|
||||
fn update_set_clause() -> &'static str {
|
||||
"name = COALESCE($1, name), description = COALESCE($2, description)"
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn extract_create_values(data: &CreateProduct) -> Vec<String> {
|
||||
vec![
|
||||
data.name().to_string(),
|
||||
data.description().to_string(),
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn extract_update_values(data: &UpdateProduct) -> Vec<Option<String>> {
|
||||
vec![
|
||||
data.name().map(|s| s.to_string()),
|
||||
data.description().map(|s| s.to_string()),
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
type DbRecord = ProductRecord;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/// Type aliases for backward compatibility and convenience
|
||||
pub type PostgresUserRepository = PostgresRepository<User>;
|
||||
pub type PostgresProductRepository = PostgresRepository<Product>;
|
||||
|
||||
/// Type aliases for services
|
||||
pub type PostgresUserService = Service<User, PostgresUserRepository>;
|
||||
pub type PostgresProductService = Service<Product, PostgresProductRepository>;
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* Example: How to add a new entity type (e.g., Order) with the generic approach:
|
||||
*
|
||||
* 1. Define the database record type:
|
||||
* #[derive(sqlx::FromRow)]
|
||||
* pub struct OrderRecord {
|
||||
* pub id: Uuid,
|
||||
* pub customer_id: Uuid,
|
||||
* pub total_amount: Decimal,
|
||||
* pub status: String,
|
||||
* pub created_at: chrono::DateTime<chrono::Utc>,
|
||||
* pub updated_at: chrono::DateTime<chrono::Utc>,
|
||||
* }
|
||||
*
|
||||
* 2. Implement PostgresEntity for Order:
|
||||
* impl PostgresEntity for Order {
|
||||
* fn id(&self) -> Uuid { self.id() }
|
||||
* fn table_name() -> &'static str { "orders" }
|
||||
* fn entity_name() -> &'static str { "Order" }
|
||||
* fn from_db_record(record: OrderRecord) -> Self {
|
||||
* Order::from_db(record.id, record.customer_id, record.total_amount,
|
||||
* record.status, record.created_at, record.updated_at)
|
||||
* }
|
||||
* fn select_columns() -> &'static str { "customer_id, total_amount, status, created_at, updated_at" }
|
||||
* fn insert_columns() -> &'static str { "customer_id, total_amount, status" }
|
||||
* fn insert_placeholders() -> &'static str { "$1, $2, $3" }
|
||||
* fn update_set_clause() -> &'static str {
|
||||
* "customer_id = COALESCE($1, customer_id), total_amount = COALESCE($2, total_amount), status = COALESCE($3, status)"
|
||||
* }
|
||||
* fn extract_create_values(data: &CreateOrder) -> Vec<String> {
|
||||
* vec![data.customer_id().to_string(), data.total_amount().to_string(), data.status().to_string()]
|
||||
* }
|
||||
* fn extract_update_values(data: &UpdateOrder) -> Vec<Option<String>> {
|
||||
* vec![data.customer_id().map(|id| id.to_string()),
|
||||
* data.total_amount().map(|amt| amt.to_string()),
|
||||
* data.status().map(|s| s.to_string())]
|
||||
* }
|
||||
* type DbRecord = OrderRecord;
|
||||
* }
|
||||
*
|
||||
* 3. Create type aliases:
|
||||
* pub type PostgresOrderRepository = PostgresRepository<Order>;
|
||||
* pub type PostgresOrderService = Service<Order, PostgresOrderRepository>;
|
||||
*
|
||||
* That's it! The generic PostgresRepository<T> handles all CRUD operations automatically.
|
||||
* The only entity-specific code needed is the trait implementation and record type.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
|
||||
#[cfg(test)]
|
||||
mod tests {
|
||||
use super::*;
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Reference in a new issue